Treats are used as positive reinforcement for good behavior or performance. They also are used to reward your dog just for being him or herself. Treats should be healthful, tasty, and take up no more than 10% of your dog's diet. They should be smaller for puppies and for training purposes so that they can be quickly consumed and not distract from the task; softer for older dogs; low-calorie for overweight dogs; and hypoallergenic for dogs with allergies. Dogs also have their own unique preferences that you'll have to explore.
When first training your dog, you will want to use treats as reinforcement for learned behavior. For maintaining the desired behavior, you may use treats for partial reinforcement; that is, offering treats some of the time once the dog associates the reward with the behavior. This will actually ensure that your dog performs all of the time, since he or she will never know when the reward will be provided.
To make sure your pet is getting the right kind of treat, read all labels carefully and eliminate products that contain artificial colors, artificial flavors, artificial preservatives, or added sugar, corn syrup, or salt. Instead, look for ingredients containing protein, good carbohydrates and fiber, natural fats and oils, and natural preservatives containing vitamin E, citric acid, and rosemary, for healthful snacks.
Bones and biscuits give dogs the crunch and chew activity they crave while cleaning their teeth and stimulating their gums. These treats come in all sizes, textures, and flavors to keep your pet interested, and they also discourage begging for table scraps, picky eating, overeating, and other nutritional and digestive problems. Pigs' ears and rawhide are natural and long-lasting treats for long-term chewing. Supervise your dog and remove smaller chewed off pieces to prevent choking and intestinal blockage. Dental treats prevent tartar buildup that lead to plaque and gum disease and they freshen the breath. In addition, many treats are fortified with vitamins and minerals to supplement your dog's nutritional needs. These treats can give your dog a healthy coat and skin; help with aching joints; or calm the nerves during storms, visits to the vet, or separations.
Aggressive chewers come in all sizes, so get pressed rawhide or rolled rawhide that is made into bones for long-lasting chewing, and consider the size that will fit your dog's mouth. Also find bones that are good for dental health while they are chewing. Avoid toys or bones that they can shred and swallow whole, and take away anything that can become a hazard. Take away a rawhide that has been softened by too much chewing and replace with an alternative. Give the rawhide back when it has dried and hardened.
Whether your dog prefers a meaty, chewy, or sweet treat, it will provide a bond between you and your pet without compromising his or her health and development. As long as you stick to the guidelines for providing treats, you and your dog will enjoy a long and strong association through mutual sharing and caring. Treats are the way to your dog's cooperation, appreciation, and everlasting affection.