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Ultraviolet Sterilizers Effectively Fight Bacteria, Algae, and Parasites
UV sterilizers protect your aquarium against the formation of bacteria and parasites. A fluorescent UV lamp produces light at a wavelength of about 253 nanometers (nm), which irradiates the flow of water and controls free-floating bacteria, algae, and parasite buildup by altering their genetic material and shortening their life cycle and reproduction. The light targets the smallest microorganisms without harming the other inhabitants. It cannot get rid of organisms that attach themselves to fish or rocks, however, because these organisms will not flow through the unit and therefore will not be exposed to UV light. You will need to decide whether the sterilizer is to be used primarily to eliminate bacteria and algae, or parasites, because different problems require different light intensities and flow rates. However, by adjusting the flow rate, the same unit can be used to help control a different problem.
The sterilizer must be adjusted to the flow rate to properly eliminate certain organisms. A slower flow rate at a higher wattage is required to control parasites, for instance, since they are more resistant to irradiation than bacteria and algae. For a 100-gallon tank, you would need an 18 Watt UV sterilizer with a maximum flow rate of 100 GPH. However, for better results, use a 25 Watt UV sterilizer with a flow rate of 150 GPH. Sterilizers can be positioned as in-line or hang-on types. In-line models are attached to the system after the mechanical filtration unit and are the last filter in line before water returns to the aquarium. Hang-on models are mounted on the back of the aquarium and are fed by a submerged power head or return line from a canister filter. They are easier to install and maintain. In addition, some models feature a quartz glass sleeve, which increases the intensity and duration of the unit.
Do not use a UV sterilizer when first cycling your tank, because it will kill good bacteria. Also, do not use the sterilizer when medicating the tank, since it can increase the effects of the medication to toxic levels. Because the sterilizer can also raise the temperature in the aquarium, you may want to consider use of a chiller for temperature stabilization. Make sure the quartz sleeves are cleaned every six months, and the bulb is replaced every year for greater light penetration and efficiency. Used properly, a UV sterilizer will provide tremendous benefits to your fish, helping to maintain a clean and healthful aquatic environment for all to enjoy.
The sterilizer must be adjusted to the flow rate to properly eliminate certain organisms. A slower flow rate at a higher wattage is required to control parasites, for instance, since they are more resistant to irradiation than bacteria and algae. For a 100-gallon tank, you would need an 18 Watt UV sterilizer with a maximum flow rate of 100 GPH. However, for better results, use a 25 Watt UV sterilizer with a flow rate of 150 GPH. Sterilizers can be positioned as in-line or hang-on types. In-line models are attached to the system after the mechanical filtration unit and are the last filter in line before water returns to the aquarium. Hang-on models are mounted on the back of the aquarium and are fed by a submerged power head or return line from a canister filter. They are easier to install and maintain. In addition, some models feature a quartz glass sleeve, which increases the intensity and duration of the unit.
Do not use a UV sterilizer when first cycling your tank, because it will kill good bacteria. Also, do not use the sterilizer when medicating the tank, since it can increase the effects of the medication to toxic levels. Because the sterilizer can also raise the temperature in the aquarium, you may want to consider use of a chiller for temperature stabilization. Make sure the quartz sleeves are cleaned every six months, and the bulb is replaced every year for greater light penetration and efficiency. Used properly, a UV sterilizer will provide tremendous benefits to your fish, helping to maintain a clean and healthful aquatic environment for all to enjoy.
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